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Personal Care & Wellness SOC 39-5011

Barber

License requirements, cost and salary by state

Barbers cut, trim, and style hair, give shaves, and maintain facial hair for clients. They work in barbershops, salons, and sometimes independently. Every state requires a barber license, obtained by completing a state-approved barber program (typically 1,000–1,500 hours) and passing written and practical exams. Barber licensing is separate from cosmetology in most states, with its own training requirements and scope of practice.

Barber
Requirements at a glance

Time to certify

8-12 months

Required exam

Varies by state

Exam cost

$15–$400

Education

1500-hour training program

Renewal

Every 2 yrs

Annual openings

8,400
The day-to-day

What it's actually like

A day-to-day reality check, grounded in current practitioner sources — not just the salary math.

Hours / week

30-40

Shifts: varies.

Weekends

yes

Where you work: barbershops, salons, spas.

Physical demand

High

The role requires standing for long periods, with repetitive hand and arm motions.

Stress level

Moderate

Stress can arise from managing client expectations, dealing with unpredictable schedules, and the pressure to perform perfectly on every client.

A typical shift

  1. Arrive early to prepare the shop, ensuring all tools are sanitized and stations are clean and stocked.
  2. Consult with 10-12 clients per day to understand their desired hairstyle, offering professional advice on what would suit them.
  3. Cut and style hair using tools like scissors, clippers, and razors.
  4. Shave, trim, and shape beards and mustaches.
  5. Shampoo, condition, and apply treatments to hair as requested.
  6. Clean and sanitize tools and the workstation between each client appointment.
  7. Process payments from clients and book future appointments.

check_circle Best fit if

  • —You are a creative person with a good eye for detail and enjoy helping people feel more confident about their appearance.
  • —You have strong social and communication skills and enjoy building long-term relationships with a diverse range of people.
  • —You are a good listener who can translate a client's desires into a finished hairstyle.
  • —You have the physical stamina to be on your feet for most of the day.

cancel Skip if

  • —You are not prepared for the physical demands of standing for long hours and repetitive motions, which can lead to back and joint pain.
  • —You need a consistent, predictable income, as earnings can fluctuate based on appointments and tips, especially when starting out.
  • —You find it difficult to engage in conversation with strangers throughout the day.
  • —You are not diligent about cleanliness and sanitation, which are critical for client safety.
Sources cited (23)

The Landscape

While every state requires a barber license, the national median salary sits around $38,210, revealing vast income disparities depending on where you practice. This profession shows strong resilience against automation, with a low AI exposure of -0.73, indicating a stable future. However, the range from Tennessee's median of $24,690 to Oregon's $77,430 highlights that location is paramount for earning potential.

Regional patterns reveal distinct earning landscapes; the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states generally offer higher pay, with New Jersey providing a respectable $54,850 for just 900 training hours, a surprisingly low barrier for its income. The Pacific Northwest, exemplified by Washington's $61,150 median for 1,000 hours, stands out for high earnings despite moderate training requirements. Conversely, many Southern states, like Arkansas and Mississippi, often require 1,500 hours of training for significantly lower pay, demonstrating that a lengthy educational path does not always correlate with higher income. Iowa is a surprising outlier, among the top five nationally at $58,900, which for its 1,550 hours and relatively small number of employed barbers, suggests high demand or specialized market conditions.

Beyond salary, state-to-state differences in licensing requirements are substantial, impacting your initial career path. Training hours vary dramatically, from a brief 800 in Maine and New Hampshire to a demanding 1,800 in Ohio, Michigan, and Nebraska. Many states, including Florida and Oregon, don't require a practical exam, easing the initial licensure burden, while others like North Carolina and Georgia implement a two-tier system, requiring an apprenticeship before full licensure. These variations mean the path to becoming a licensed barber can be vastly different across state lines, influencing both time commitment and initial career flexibility. A closely-related path worth comparing is the Cosmetologist certification. If you're thinking about advancing further, see how Barber compares to Cosmetologist in time-to-credential, pay, and scope of practice. For another low-barrier option with a similar time commitment, compare Barber vs. Personal Trainer.

State by state

Barber by State

Licensing cost, reciprocity, and median pay across all 50 states.

State Licensing cost Reciprocity Median vs. National
Alabama $235 Endorsement $29,120 -23.8%
Alaska $270 Endorsement — —
Arizona $217 Endorsement $34,380 -10.0%
Arkansas $125 Endorsement $25,640 -32.9%
California $250 Endorsement $38,380 +0.4%
Colorado $155 Endorsement $61,500 +61.0%
Connecticut $165 Re-exam $41,400 +8.3%
Delaware $305 Endorsement — —
District of Columbia $295 Endorsement — —
Florida $202 Endorsement $49,410 +29.3%
Georgia $178 Endorsement $30,750 -19.5%
Hawaii $110 Re-exam — —
Idaho $233 Endorsement $36,040 -5.7%
Illinois $128 Endorsement $65,430 +71.2%
Indiana $84 Endorsement $33,600 -12.1%
Iowa $143 Endorsement $58,900 +54.1%
Kansas $410 Endorsement — —
Kentucky $450 Endorsement — —
Louisiana $72 Endorsement $44,430 +16.3%
Maine $268 Endorsement $35,300 -7.6%
Maryland $127 Re-exam $35,400 -7.4%
Massachusetts $200 Endorsement — —
Michigan $224 Endorsement $35,490 -7.1%
Minnesota $170 Endorsement $53,990 +41.3%
Mississippi $50 Re-exam $38,480 +0.7%
Missouri $166 Endorsement $47,880 +25.3%
Montana $339 Endorsement — —
Nebraska $395 Endorsement $39,090 +2.3%
Nevada $185 Re-exam — —
New Hampshire $244 Endorsement — —
New Jersey $95 Re-exam $54,850 +43.5%
New Mexico $261 Endorsement $39,100 +2.3%
New York $55 — $38,580 +1.0%
North Carolina $135 Re-exam $31,050 -18.7%
North Dakota $200 Endorsement $48,540 +27.0%
Ohio $85 Endorsement — —
Oklahoma $105 Endorsement $34,860 -8.8%
Oregon $120 Re-exam $77,430 +102.6%
Pennsylvania $173 — $36,920 -3.4%
Rhode Island $100 Endorsement $34,900 -8.7%
South Carolina $220 Endorsement $32,900 -13.9%
South Dakota $150 Re-exam — —
Tennessee $240 — $24,690 -35.4%
Texas $183 Endorsement $30,760 -19.5%
Utah $254 Endorsement $25,370 -33.6%
Vermont $340 Endorsement — —
Virginia $299 Endorsement $46,730 +22.3%
Washington $215 Endorsement $61,150 +60.0%
West Virginia $134 Re-exam — —
Wisconsin — Endorsement $36,540 -4.4%
Wyoming $110 Endorsement — —

Compare Barber head-to-head

All comparisons →

Weighing a Barber career against another credential? Pay, training time, and licensing side-by-side.